Introduction to Python Programming for Beginners

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Getting Started with Python
What is Python? Why learn it? Installing Python & setting up IDEs (IDLE, VS Code, Jupyter Notebook) Writing your first Python program: print(“Hello, World!”) Understanding syntax, indentation, and comments
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Python Basics
Variables and data types (strings, integers, floats, booleans) Input and output functions Type conversion Basic operators (arithmetic, comparison, logical)
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Control Flow
Conditional statements (if, elif, else) Loops (for, while) break, continue, and pass
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Data Structures
Lists: creation, indexing, slicing, methods Tuples: immutability and use cases Sets: uniqueness and set operations Dictionaries: key-value pairs and methods
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Functions
Defining and calling functions Parameters and return values Scope of variables (local vs global) Built-in functions vs user-defined functions
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Working with Strings
String operations and methods String formatting (f-strings, .format()) Escape characters Common string problems (palindrome, reverse, etc.)
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File Handling
Reading and writing files File modes (r, w, a) Handling exceptions with try-except
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Modules and Libraries
Importing modules (math, random, datetime) Installing external libraries with pip Introduction to popular libraries (NumPy, Pandas, Matplotlib)
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Object-Oriented Programming
Classes and objects Attributes and methods Constructors (__init__) Inheritance and polymorphism
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Error Handling
Common Python errors Exception handling (try, except, finally) Raising exceptions
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Attributes and methods

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